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Guava
Varieties
 

Kampuchea is the most widely grown seedy clone. It exhibits early cropping around six to nine months and is a high yielding clone, giving yields as high as 60 t/ha/year at peak production. It has two to three flowering and fruiting peaks a year.

The tree is short to medium height, has large, oblong leaves that measure 12 x 6.5 cm. The leaves have 24-27 pairs of lateral veins that are distinct on the lower leaf surface. The leaf margins are even and smooth. The fruit are oblong to pear shape but because of out-crossing, some elongate to round variants exist. The fruit weighs 400-600 g on the average, but can attain the weight of 1 kg. The skin is light yellow to light green when firm ripe, and is smooth with very faint grooves radiating from the stalk end. The flesh is white, thick, crunchy and sweet. The total soluble solids vary from 6.5 – 7ºBrix, the acidity is 0.5, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) content is 55mg/100g edible content.

It has few to moderate seeds. Kampuchea is an excellent dessert cultivar but may also be processed into a refreshing juice drink and is suitable for canning. The clone is susceptible to Meloidogyne arenaria (root-knot nematode) , anthracnose and Phomopsis psidii (end ring rot) .
 

Taiwan

 

The fruit is large and has a distinct pear shape. It has grooves radiating from the stalk end. The fruit weighs 300-500g but can reach 1 kg. Its flesh is white, sweet-acid, crunchy and thicker than Kampuchea. The total soluble solids measure 6.8º Brix. It has rougher skin, fewer seeds and better keeping quality than Kampuchea. It is susceptible to anthracnose , end ring rot and root-knot nematode .

 

Gloom Toon Klau

 

The tree fruits 10-12 months after planting in the field. It is a medium to high yielder at 40-50 t/ha/year at peak production and has 2-3 production peaks per year. The fruit is round (rotund) or slightly flattened at the ends (oblate), has a rough skin, grooves, and weighs around 400-500 g. The flesh is white, sweet and crunchy when firm ripe. The fruit has a large seed core but low seed content. Total soluble solid content is 8-10º Brix. The fruit has a short shelf-life of around 2-4 days.

 

Gloom Sali

 

It is a short to medium tree and has the equivalent yield of the Kampuchea . The leaves are oblong, green with 15-18 pairs of lateral veins that are prominent on the lower surface. The leaf margins are smooth and slightly wavy. The fruit is round (globose) with a rough skin, light green in colour when firm ripe and weighs 200-400 g. The fruit has characteristic prominent ridges at the stalk end that are often grooved. The calyx falls off the ripe fruit. The flesh is thick, white, crunchy, sweet and has a pleasant flavour and distinct aroma. The seed cavity is small and contains few to moderate number of seeds. Total soluble solids content is 6-7º Brix. This clone is susceptible to anthracnose .

 

Thai Seedless

 

This seedless clone has a low yield of around 20-25 t/ha/year because flower and fruit drop can reach more than 50%. It fruits 14-18 months after planting and has one peak season. The fruit weighs 150-300 g. The fruit is round and asymmetrical. At the fruit end there is a hollow cavity that can reach one third of the fruit length. It has smooth, green, thin skin. The flesh is white, crunchy and sweet.

 

Bangkok Apple

 

This seedless triploid clone bears fruit about 10 months after planting. It suffers from more than 50% fruit abortion and yields around 15-20 t/ha/year at peak production. The tree is short to medium in height and has large, dark green leaves with a simple but wavy leaf margin. The leaves are ovate and have 25-27 lateral veins that are distinct on the lower surface. The fruits are apple-shape, round (globose) or slightly flattened at the ends (oblate), often ridged, misshapen and asymmetrical. The fruit weighs around 100-250 g. When firm ripe the skin colour turn light green and the flesh is white with a very faint tinge of pink. It is crunchy with a hollow carpellary cavity instead of a seed core. The total soluble solid content is 10-11º Brix. The clone is susceptible to anthracnose and root-knot nematode . It is an excellent dessert fruit.

 

MAHA 65 (GU5)

 

It is a medium size tree and has a longer period of fruiting. The fruit is large and weighs 220-250 g. It is round to oblong in shape, has a smooth skin, with pinkish-red, soft flesh and lots of seeds. The fruit is sweet-acid and has a grainy texture because of the presence of stone cells. This clone is suitable for processing.

 

Beaumont

 

This clone was imported from Hawaii . The tree is vigorous and spreading. It yields 24mt/ha/year. The fruit is oblong in shape, mildly acidic in flavour and weighs 230-250g. The total soluble solids content is 9.9º Brix. The pulp in the locule has a tendency to be loose, causing puffiness. The fruit appears to be susceptible to fruit rot. The clone is suitable for processing with a puree recovery of 77-79%.

 

Burma Red

 

This processing cultivar is believed to be imported from Myanmar and is not widely cultivated. It is a medium size, spreading tree that flowers and fruits profusely. It has a short fruit-ripening period of two to three weeks. It produces round fruits that weigh 150-200 g with smooth skins. It has pink flesh that is sweet-acid and moderately seedy. It fruits at 10-12 months after planting. The maximum yield at 3-4 years old is 30-35 t/ha with 2 peak seasons per year.

 

Variety

Fruit characters

Shape

Size

Colour

TSS

Texture & taste

Kampuchea

Oblong to pear shape, elongate to round

400-600g, up to 1 kg

Skin: light yellow to light green. Flesh: white

6.5 – 7 º Brix

Crunchy and sweet

Taiwan

Pear-shape

300-500g, up to 1 kg

Flesh: white

6.8º Brix

Crunchy and sweet-acid

Gloom Toon Klau

Rotund to oblate

400-500g

Flesh: white

8-10º Brix

Crunchy and sweet

Gloom Sali

Globose

200-400g

Skin: light green Flesh: white

6-7º Brix

Crunchy and sweet

Thai Seedless

Round and asymmetrical

150-300g

Skin: green Flesh: white

 

Crunchy and sweet

Bangkok Apple

Oblate to globose, misshapen and asymmetrical

100-250g

Skin: light green Flesh: white with faint pink tinge

10-11º Brix

Crunchy and sweet

GU5

Round to elongate

220-250g

Flesh: pinkish-red

-

Soft, grainy and sweet-acid

Beaumont

Oblong

230-250g

Flesh: pink

9.9 º Brix

Soft, mild acid

Burma Red

Globose

150-200g

Flesh: pink

-

Sweet-acid

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Names
   

Scientific:

Psidium guajava

 

 

Common:

 

English:

guava

Indonesia:

jambu batu

Malaysia:

jambu batu

Tagalog (Philippines):

bayabas, guyabas

Thai:

farang, ma-kuai, ma-man

Tamil:

koiyappalam

Mandarin:

fanshiliu

Lao:

si da

Vietnam:

oi

Cambodian:

trapaek sruk

Burmese:

malakapen

 

 

Taxonomic Position:

   

Domain:

Eukaryota

Kingdom:

Viridiplantae

Phylum:

Spermatophyta

Subphylum:

Angiospermae

Class:

Dicotyledonae

Order:

Myrtales

Family:

Myrtaceae

   
Other Names Used:
 
Psidium aromaticum
Psidium cujavillus Burm. f.
Psidium pumilum Vahl
 
 
 


Project Collaborators:

Common Fund for Commodities (CFC)

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